Dogs are notorious for sniffing each other’s rear ends (and, embarrassingly, the rear ends or crotches of human beings also). We’d like to be able to report that cats aren’t so crude, but in fact they are, though less showy about it than dogs are.
Two cats new to each other will, assuming they don’t fight, at some point get around to sniffing each other around the anal region, probably cautiously circling a few times before the actual sniffing takes place. (We can be thankful that some of these behaviors are not practiced by their human owners.)